@article { author = {Hamidian Shirazi, Maryam and Ekramzade, Maryam and Nouri, Mehran and Hamidianshirazi, Amir Reza}, title = {The Role of Pistachios in Healthy Ageing: A Review}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {1-9}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.93520.1164}, abstract = {Ageing is related to a decrease in the complex process of health and wellbeing, which can be improved by a dietary modification. In this relation, pistachio was shown to have a positive effect for a healthy life in elderly people as it is rich in lutein, γ-tocopherol, b-carotene, gamma-tocopherol, selenium, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids, which have antioxidant traits. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of pistachios revealed a decrease in incidence of diet-induced metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders. The current knowledge related to the influence of nuts intake on humans’ well-being has quickly augmented over the last few years and nuts were demonstrated to take part in the inhibition of age-linked disorders. The intake of regular nuts was reported to have a correlation with a good metabolic status. A significant reduction in cardiovascular diseases and risk of cancer has also been illustrated in clinical interventional studies. Therefore, this study aimed to review the effect of pistachios intake in support of an elderly healthy life.}, keywords = {Pistachios,Ageing,Elderly,Health}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48174.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48174_c36f636d2cdf3101188c86f72efd0651.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmadi, Sedigheh and Firoozi, Donya and Masoumi, Seyed Jalil}, title = {The Effect of Micronutrients on COVID-19 Disease: A Review of Available Evidences}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {10-18}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.94162.1169}, abstract = {Patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) are likely to experience a wide range of mild to severe symptoms that can lead to hospitalization or even death. Infection and poor nutrition are potentially interdependent. The immune response to infection is associated with increased demand for nutrients. Also, micronutrient supplementation can improve the body’s defence against infections. This review of the literature was conducted to ascertain published studies on the relationship between micronutrients and the risk of COVID-19 or their effect on the recovery process of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The findings from these papers show that patients who were deficient in vitamin D, vitamin C, selenium andzinc were likely to display more severe forms of COVID-19. Vitamin D seems to have the most significant impact when consumed in equal bolus before the development of COVID-19. Intravenous injection of vitamin C in COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU at a dose of 24 gram in 24 hours was significantly associated with improved COVID-19. Selenium intake with vitamin D and zinc reported in COVID-19 patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis infection positively affected the recovery process. More studies are required on group B vitamins due to their proven immune-boosting effect. Finally, there is a need to conduct clinical trials with higher power and subsequent meta-analysis studies in order to be able to make a definite statement about the effectiveness of micronutrients on the COVID-19 progression.}, keywords = {COVID-19,Micronutrients,Vitamin D,Vitamin C,Immune system}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48277.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48277_9c1b3459a29710cd4fe9d2f039d4e5f7.pdf} } @article { author = {Herviana, Herviana and Indarto, Dono and Wasita, Brian and Pasaribu, Sudana}, title = {Effects of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) as Anti- Hyperlipidemia: A Systematic Review}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {19-25}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.94129.1168}, abstract = {Papaya (Carica papaya L) is one of the fruits that is easily found in Asian countries. Papaya has been studied to have good benefits in hyperlipidemia. Papaya contains fiber, vitamins A and C, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids which are with antihyperlipidemic properties. The objective of this research was to systematically review studies thathave probed into the effect of papaya on triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein in hyperlipidemia. This research was conducted to review the effect of papaya fruit as an anti-hyperlipidemic through searching scientific articles related to the topic. Article searches were conducted through Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science-Directarticle databases. The selection of articles in the systematic review according to the inclusion criteria was based on articles published from 2016 to 2021, enrolling animals or patients with hyperlipidemia. The experimental design, main outcomes such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and body weight (BW) were investigated. Totally, three articles were reviewed in full to discuss the effect of papaya fruit as antihyperlipidemia in a systematic review. The systematic reviewreported that administration of papaya juice could improve lipid profiles. The content of fiber, vitamins A and C and phytochemicals in papaya has the potential of anti-hyperlipidemia by improving lipid profile.}, keywords = {Papaya,Carica papaya,Antihyperlipidemia,Triglyceride,Cholesterol}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48281.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48281_5c505b6bce5714d4a447852a53c4619e.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohandas, Anu and Bhasin, Sanjiv and Upadhyay, Madhu and Madhu, S}, title = {A Cross Sectional Study on Compliance to Diet Self Care among Adult Diabetics in an Urban Resettlement Colony of East Delhi}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {26-33}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.94528.1177}, abstract = {Background: Medical nutrition therapy can control blood sugars during early stage. Recognizing patients prone to non-compliance to diet-care isof utmost importance. This study aimed to find the level of diabetic dietcare among adult diabetics in East Delhi.Methods: In a cross sectional study, 150 adult diabetics in a resettlement colony of East Delhi were enrolled. Eight diabetics, each from all 21 subblocks were randomly sampled. Data was collected using diet items of revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. Frequency of dietcare as number of days/week (0-7) and mean scores were calculated. The predictors of non-compliance were found using linear regression.Results: Fifty-two subjects (30.9%) practiced diet control for all days/ week. Totally, 25.6% did not control their diet even for one day. Small proportion of 0-7.1% reported intake of >5 servings of fruits/vegetables. A total of 36.9% diabetics consumed high fat foods every day. The mean general diet scores ranged 0-7 with 25% not following diet-care even for a day. Special diet scores ranged 2-7 with 1.8% scoring 7. Absence of family support (p=0.022), treating with own funds (p=0.014) and inadequate advice on diet control (p=0.046) had inverse influence on general score, while being illiterate (p=0.028), and substance abuse (p=0.010) hadnegative influence on specific diet score.Conclusion: The overall diet-care among diabetics was low. The predictors of non-compliance were literacy status, family support, finances, advice on diet-care and substance abuse. Focussed nutritional assessment of diabetics and recommending diet should be done as a regular patient management strategy.}, keywords = {Diabetic diet,Diet self-care,SDSCA,Medical nutrition therapy,India}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48278.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48278_639bd197e4f5ba9ea7f0eb49eb532964.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghadimi Moghadam, Abdolkarim and Masoumi, Seyed Jalil and Nouri, Mehran and Paimard, Akvan and Ghadimi Moghadam, Ali and Ghadimi Moghadam, Fatemeh and Firoozi, Donya}, title = {The Effect of Nutrients Intake with an Emphasis on Immune-Boostings in Patients with COVID-19}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {34-40}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.94174.1170}, abstract = {Background: The immune system plays a vital role in preventing and treating viral infections. One of the most important regulators affecting immune system is nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the dietary intake of nutrients, especially immune-boosting ones in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.Methods: Patients with COVID-19 infection (n=50) who were admitted to the COVID-19 Unit of Shahid Jalil Hospital in Yasouj, Iran were enrolled. Nutrients intake was calculated using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Demographic information, history of underlying diseases, and clinical symptoms were also collected using a questionnaire completed through face-to-face interviews with the patients or their companions.Results: The mean intake of vitamins A (p <0.001) and D (p <0.001) was lower than the dietary intake recommendation (DRI). Also the mean intake of vitamins A (p <0.001), C (p <0.001), and D (p <0.001), omega-3fatty acid (p <0.001), and protein (p <0.001) was significantly lower than the recommended amounts for supporting the optimal immune function.Conclusion: Although many nutrients were in the DRI range, more than recommended amount might be needed to strengthen the immune system and reduce the course of treatment for infectious diseases such asCOVID-19. This may indicate the importance of supplement therapy or nutritional therapy in combating such viral infections as COVID-19.}, keywords = {Nutrients,Diet,SARS-CoV-2,COVID-19,Immune system}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48204.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48204_658734f822465dcf5ae3d34466a692a8.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Taslima and Sarwar, Nazmul and Rahman, Nahidur and Kauser-Ul-Alam, Md}, title = {Formulation, Development and Quality Evaluation of a Fortified Biscuit with Antidiabetic Potential}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {41-49}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.90147.1119}, abstract = {Background: Medicinal plants and herbs contain a plethora of phytochemicals that have demonstrated promising therapeutic potential in the management of hyperglycemia. Therefore, this study was undertaken to develop a fortified nutraceutical biscuit with antidiabetic potential.Methods: Fortified biscuits were prepared by adding medicinal plants. Their chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity and antidiabetic potential were evaluated. Data were comparedusing one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher’s LSD test at a 5% level of significance.Results: Substitution of medicinal plants with wheat flour increased the moisture content from 8.24 to 9.86% and protein content from 1.28 to 1.86%. A decreasing trend was observed for ash (1.45-1.21%), fat (11.81-11.45%) and carbohydrate (77.22-75.62%). The TPC of biscuits varied from 7.11 to 9.69 (mg GAE/100 g), where sample C showed a significantly higher (p <0.05) TPC than others. The TFC of biscuit samples ranged from 17.95 to 32.07 (mg QE/100 g). Gradual increasing of medicinal plants to plain biscuits manifested an enhancement of the overall antioxidant activity (8.12 to 9.14%). Furthermore, sample C showed the highest inhibitory activity against the dominant digestive enzymes such as α-amylase (66.9%) and α-glucosidase (51.4%), which were accountable for the prompt digestion and absorption of carbohydrates.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that fortification of biscuits with medicinal plants would improve the therapeutic properties of the biscuits with increased antioxidant and antidiabetic potency.}, keywords = {medicinal plants,Biscuit,phytochemicals,Antioxidants,Antidiabetic}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48209.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48209_74853ca0cee8a453fb7a1cee3b7c3ff9.pdf} } @article { author = {Meza-Miranda, Eliana and Samudio, Antonio and Gómez, Rafael and Rojas, Belén and Fernández, Fátima and Cardozo, Gabriela and Priego-Capote, Feliciano}, title = {Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Performance, Total Content of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity, and Bioactive Compounds of Yvapurú Fruits (Plinia cauliflora)}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {50-57}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.93912.1166}, abstract = {Background: Autochthonous fruits such as Yvapurú (Plinia cauliflora) have beneficial health properties through their bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the nutritional composition, the phytochemical performance, the total content of polyphenols, the antioxidant capacity and bioactive compounds in theYvapurú´s fruits.Methods: The macronutrients were analyzed by the Antrona method for carbohydrates, the Kjeldahl method for proteins and the Softlex method for total fat. Phytochemical screening was performed to detect phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, leucoanthocyanidins and quinones. The polyphenols total content wasobtained through the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant capacity was determined by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method and the identification of bioactive compounds was carried out through Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESIQqQLIT-MS/MS) method.Results: The macronutrients were found in proportions of 47.8%, 7.24% and 1.28% for carbohydrates, proteins and fats, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols and triperthenoids. The total polyphenol content was 24 mg/g. The antioxidant capacity was(10,200±334) μmol/100 g.Conclusion: These findings confirmed that the fruits of P. cauliflora are a good source of antioxidants and bioactive compounds that are beneficial for human health both for the prevention and treatment of diseases.}, keywords = {Nutrition,Antioxidant,Phytochemistry,Polyphenols,Plinia cauliflora}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48276.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48276_ef49862424fbd442170aa6b0f4396788.pdf} } @article { author = {Hosseininezhad, Behnam and Aberoei, Elham and Mazloomi, Seyed Mohammad}, title = {The Washing and Disinfection Efficiency of Leek in Reducing Aerobic Mesophilic Microorganisms and Escherichia Coli in an Industrial Plant in Shiraz, Southern Iran}, journal = {International Journal of Nutrition Sciences}, volume = {7}, number = {1}, pages = {58-63}, year = {2022}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2538-1873}, eissn = {2538-2829}, doi = {10.30476/ijns.2022.94261.1172}, abstract = {Background: In Iran in recent years, the number of vegetable processing factories had an increasing trend. Therefore, quality of freshly cut vegetables has an important role in health that is dependent not only on the microbial flora of vegetables, but also on the hygiene of equipment and in the plant environment. This study investigated the effect of washing and packaging steps on reducing microbial contamination of freshly cut vegetables and has identified critical points during the production processes.Methods: Leek samples from different stages (raw material, washing tank, chlorine tank, ozone tank, centrifuge, chopping and packaging stage) were taken from the vegetable processing plant and transferred to the laboratory. Samples were evaluated for presence of aerobic mesophilic and Escherichia coli microorganisms.Results: In the leek vegetable plant, E. coli was shown to decrease to 0.7 log cfu g⁻¹. However, there was no significant difference between raw vegetables and final products regarding aerobic and E. coli microorganisms. Also, aerobic mesophilic bacteria showed a significant increase (p=0.04) between chopping and packing leeks and a significant decrease (p=0.032) between ozonization and centrifugation for E. coli.Conclusion: The processing steps in this plant had little effect on the reduction of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms and E. coli. Therefore, it is recommended to use a proper washing system and disinfectants, and also to pay attention to the cleanliness of tools and equipment in contact with vegetables.}, keywords = {Leek,Vegetables,Escherichia coli,Aerobic mesophilic bacteria,Disinfection}, url = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48161.html}, eprint = {https://ijns.sums.ac.ir/article_48161_6ae0aa85e6ca436408f9c3b51015e97a.pdf} }