The Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Cnidosculus Aconitifolius on Cardiorenal Functions in Hypertensive and Normotensive Male Wistar Rats

Alawode, Damilola Ifeoluwa; Asiwe, Jerome Ndudi; Moke, Emuesiri Goodies; Okonofua, David Ehikhuemen; Sanusi, Kamaldeen Olalekan; Adagbada, Ebunoluwa Oluwabusola; Yusuf, Mariam Onono; Fasanmade, Adesoji Adedipe

doi:10.30476/ijns.2021.92067.1145

The Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Cnidosculus Aconitifolius on Cardiorenal Functions in Hypertensive and Normotensive Male Wistar Rats

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Damilola Ifeoluwa Alawode ¹

Jerome Ndudi Asiwe ¹^{, 2}

Emuesiri Goodies Moke ³

David Ehikhuemen Okonofua ¹

Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi ¹

Ebunoluwa Oluwabusola Adagbada ¹

Mariam Onono Yusuf ¹

Adesoji Adedipe Fasanmade ¹

¹ Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

² Department of Physiology, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria

³ Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

10.30476/ijns.2021.92067.1145

Abstract

Background: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius is widely used by traditional healers in treating plethora of ailments either alone, in combination with other therapeutic agents or as addictive to food/drinks. This study investigated the effect of different doses of C. aconitifolius on cardiorenal function in both normotensive and hypertensive male Wistar rats.
Methods: Forty-two male Wistar rats (120-150 g) were categorized into two normotensive and hypertensive groups. Normotensive was group 1 receiving food and water; while normotensive groups 2 and 3 received food and water together with 200 mg and 800 mg of C. aconitifolius for 4 weeks. The hypertensive group 1 received only high salt diet (HSD) and water and hypertensive groups 2 and 3 received HSD and water together with 200 mg and 800 mg of C. aconitifolius, respectively for 4 weeks after confirmation of hypertension. The animals were sacrifice by cervical dislocation and blood sample was collected, and serum was decanted for assays; while heart and kidney were harvested for histological investigation.
Results: There were significant reductions in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure in hypertensive animals; while was not different in normotensive animals. Urine creatinine and fractional excretion decreased; while the histomorphology of the heart in hypertensive animals showed restorative and regenerative effects of C. aconitifolius.
Conclusion: This study suggests that C. aconitifolius potentiates cardiorenal functions by affecting the functional markers, as well as histology.

Keywords

Cnidosculus aconitifolius

Cardiorenal

Hypertension

Creatinine

Rat