International Journal of Nutrition Sciences

International Journal of Nutrition Sciences

Vitamin D3 and Ferritin Levels in Patients with Hypothyroidism in Baghdad, Iraq

Document Type : Short Communication

Authors
Noor Salih Hallab 1
Zainab Salih Hallab 1
Hiba Salih Hallab 2
1 Al-Karkh University of Science, Collage of Science, Iraq
2 Ministry of Health, Abu Ghriab General Hospital, Iraq
10.30476/ijns.2026.106210.1431
Abstract
Background: Many studies have demonstrated the relationship between vitamin D and ferritin levels and hypothyroidism. The aim of this study was to establish a relationship between vitamin D and ferritin levels and patients with hypothyroidism.
Methods: Forty-eight individuals with hypothyroidism were enrolled and divided into two groups of hypothyroidism patients (n=48) and the control group (n=20); while thyroid hormone, vitamin D and ferritin levels were determined among all participants.
Results: Patients with hypothyroidism showed a significant decline for both ferritin and vitamin D levels in patients with hypothyroidism when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The low levels of vitamin D and ferritin were associated with hypothyroidism, which emphasize the importance of a decreased vitamin D and ferritin levels.
Keywords
Vitamin D
Ferritin
Hypothyroidism
Iraq
  1. Babić Leko M, Jureško I, Rozić I, et al. Vitamin D and the thyroid: A critical review of the current evidence. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24:3586. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043586. PMID: 36835005.
  2. Kumar J, Kondaveeti D, Rayana S, et al. Vitamin D Deficiency and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis in a Patient with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Ulcerative Colitis. Int J Nutr Sci. 2025;10:363-366. DOI: 10.30476/ijns.2025.104324.1354.
  3. Appunni S, Rubens M, Ramamoorthy V, et al. Association between vitamin D deficiency and hypothyroidism: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012. BMC Endocr Disord. 2021;21:224. Doi: 10.1186/s12902-021-00897-1. PMID: 34772378.
  4. Hedayati A, Homayuon M, Mobaracky A, Mehrabani D, Masoumi SJ. Lithium Chloride, Ketogenic Diet and Stem Cell Transplantation in Treatment of Bipolar Disorder. Int J Nutr Sci. 2024;9:80-82. DOI: 10.30476/IJNS.2024.99601.1250.
  5. Homayoun M, Mehrabani D, Edalatmanesh MA, et al. The Role of Lithium Chloride in Nutrition and Stem Cell Growth Kinetics: A Review. Int J Nutr Sci. 2021;6:6-13. DOI: 10.30476/IJNS.2021.88801.1104.
  6. Mehrabani D, Masoumi SJ, Masoumi AS, et al. Role of Diet in Mesenchymal Stem Cells’ Function: A Review. Int J Nutr Sci. 2023;8:9-19. DOI: 10.30476/IJNS.2023.97788.1221.
  7. Zhou X, Li B, Wang C. Study on the changes in TSH, TPO-Ab and other indicators due to Vitamin D deficiency in Pregnant Women with subclinical hypothyroidism in the first trimester. Pak J Med Sci . 2020;36:1313-1317. DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.6.1982. PMID: 32968400.
  8. Krishnamurthy HK, Reddy S, Jayaraman V, et al. Effect of micronutrients on thyroid parameters. J Thyroid Res. 2021:2021:1865483. DOI: 10.1155/2021/1865483. PMID: 35140907.
  9. Pasalar M, Mehrabani D, Afrasiabi A, Mehravar Z, Reyhani I, Hamidi R, Karimi M. Prevalence of thalassaemia, iron-deficiency anamia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among arab migrating nomad children, southern Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2014;20:726-31. PMID: 25601811.
  10. Karimi M, Mehrabani D, Pasalar M, et al. Thalassemia, Iron And G6pd Deficiency In Lor Migrating Nomad Children, Southern Iran. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2010;12:441-445.‏
  11. Mehrabani D, Karimi M, Pasalar M, et al. Frequency Of Thalassemia, Iron And Glucose-6phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Among Turkish Migrating Nomad Children In Southern Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2014;20:726-31. PMID: 25601811.
  12. Shimmi SC, Eldosouky HF, Parash MT, et al. Probability of Concurrent Deficiency of Vitamin D and Iron in Hypothyroidism: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus. 2023;15:e37152. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37152. PMID: 37153231.
  13. Thakur C, Saikia TC, Yadav N. Total serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3) thyroxine (T4) and thyrotropine (TSH) in school going children of Dibrugarh district: an endemic goitre region of Assam. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;41:167-70. PMID: 9142564
  14. Tamer F, Yuksel M, Karabag Y. Serum ferritin and vitamin D levels should be evaluated in patients with diffuse hair loss prior to treatment. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2020;37(3):407-411. DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.96251. PMID: 32792884
  15. El-Rawi HA, Ghanem NS, ElSayed NM, et al. Study of vitamin D level and vitamin D receptor polymorphism in hypothyroid Egyptian patients. J Thyroid Res. 2019:2019:3583250. DOI: 10.1155/2019/3583250. PMID: 31534663.
  16. Mackawy AMH, Al-Ayed BM, Al-Rashidi BM. Vitamin D deficiency and its association with thyroid disease. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2013;7:267-75. DOI: 10.12816/0006054. PMID: 24533019
  17. Chaudhary S, Dutta D, Kumar M, et al. Vitamin D supplementation reduces thyroid peroxidase antibody levels in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease: An open-labeled randomized controlled trial. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2016;20:391-8. DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.179997. PMID: 27186560.
  18. Mikulska AA, Karaźniewicz-Łada M, Filipowicz D, et al. Metabolic characteristics of hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients and the role of microelements and diet in the disease management—An overview. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:6580. DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126580. PMID: 35743024.
  19. D'Aurizio F, Villalta D, Metus P, et al. Is vitamin D a player or not in the pathophysiology of autoimmune thyroid diseases?. Autoimmun Rev. 2015;14:363-9.DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.10.008. PMID: 25308530.
  20. Caturegli P, De Remigis A, Rose NR. Hashimoto thyroiditis: clinical and diagnostic criteria. Autoimmun Rev. 2014;13:391-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.007. PMID: 24434360
  21. Fröhlich E, Wahl R. Thyroid autoimmunity: role of anti-thyroid antibodies in thyroid and extra-thyroidal diseases. Front Immunol. 2017:8:521. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00521. PMID: 28536577.
  22. Metwalley KA, Farghaly HS, Sherief T, et al. Vitamin D status in children and adolescents with autoimmune thyroiditis. J Endocrinol Invest. 2016;39:793-7. DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0432-x. PMID: 26809977.
  23. Talaei A, Ghorbani F, Asemi Z. The effects of Vitamin D supplementation on thyroid function in hypothyroid patients: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;22:584-588. DOI: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_603_17. PMID: 30294564.
  24. Chahardoli R, Saboor-Yaraghi AA, Amouzegar A, et al. Can supplementation with vitamin D modify thyroid autoantibodies (Anti-TPO Ab, Anti-Tg Ab) and thyroid profile (T3, T4, TSH) in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis? A double blind, Randomized clinical trial. Horm Metab Res. 2019;51:296-301. DOI: 10.1055/a-0856-1044. PMID: 31071734.
  25. Hu MJ, Zhang Q, Liang L, et al. Association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of thyroid cancer: a case–control study and a meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest. 2018;41:1199-1210. DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0853-9. PMID: 29464660.