Association of Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity with Excess Body Weight, Atherogenic Markers and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults from Cartagena, Colombia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Nutrient Biology Research Group, Doctorate in Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Atlantico, Puerto Colombia, Atlantico, Colombia

2 Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Group, Medicine Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sucre, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia

3 Center of Specialists in Nutrition of Cesar, Valledupar, Cesar, Colombia

4 Care and Life Research Group, Faculty of Nursing, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia

5 Prometeus Applied Biomedicine to Clinical Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolivar, Colombia

10.30476/ijns.2026.106595.1452

Abstract

Background: Overweight and obesity are still global public health problems. The main objective of this study was to evaluate associations between diet quality, dietary patterns, and physical activity with anthropometric indices of body adiposity and cardiovascular risk (CVR), as well as with markers of atherogenesis and Framingham International (FRS-I) and Colombia (FRS-C) CVR scores.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, native adults from Cartagena were screened between September 2023 and January 2024. They were divided to three groups of normal-weight, overweight, and obesity. In turn, the obesity was classified as type I, II and III. The same sampling unit was divided as non-diabetics, insulin-resistants, type 2 diabetics, type 2 diabetichypertensives, nondiabetic hypertensives, and uncontrolled hypertensives. Health professionals performed the anamnesis, anthropometry, nutritional/ physical activity assessment, and blood sampling.
Results: Prevalence rate was 99% for self-reported family history of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), 92.7% for poor and regular diet quality, 60.3% for physical inactivity, 50% for atherogenic diet, and 46.3% for alcoholism. Prevalence rate of 50% for high CVR and 33% for very high CVR were 5-years forecasted. In type 2 diabetics and type 2 diabetic hypertensives, the 10-year predicted CVR was estimated as high and very high, respectively, according to the FRS-C scale.
Conclusion: Poor and regular diet quality, atherogenic and Western dietary patterns, physical inactivity, basal levels of glycemia, insulinemia, HOMA-IR, insulin resistance status, adiponectinemia and atherogenic markers were shown to be associated with increased obesity, central obesity, arterial hypertension, and CVR.

Highlights

Deivis Javier Villanueva-Pájaro (Google Scholar)

Keywords

References

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