International Journal of Nutrition Sciences

International Journal of Nutrition Sciences

Individual, Parental, and Environmental Determinants of Diet Quality and Nutritional Status among Adolescents in Padang City, Indonesia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Tazkia Putri Kagami
Fhadilla Amelia
Indah Wulandari
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia
10.30476/ijns.2026.110035.1634
Abstract
Background: Understanding factors that influence adolescents’ diet quality and nutritional status is essential, as this life stage shapes long-term health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to examine individual, parental, and environmental determinants that significantly predicted dietary quality and nutritional status among adolescents in Padang City, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 186 adolescents was conducted in Padang City, Indonesia. They were interviewed to assess individual, parental, and environmental determinants. Diet Quality Index for Adolescents (DQI-A) was used to assess dietary quality score and direct anthropometric measurements were performed to assess adolescent
nutritional status. Multivariate analysis was applied to identify the most influential variable on DQI-A score (multivariate linear regression) and nutritional status (Multinomial logistic regression).
Results: Mean score of DQI-A was 43.7±6.4 and the majority of adolescent had normal nutritional status (65.6%). Diet quality was associated with parental determinants (paternal education) and environmental determinants (availability of healthy and unhealthy food at school, food accessibility and screen time) with β coefficient -5.37 to 4.39. Individual determinants (low physical activity) and parental determinants (maternal education) was associated with higher odds of being underweight with OR 11.04 and 12.98.
Conclusion: Dietary quality and nutritional status were shaped by the interaction of individual, parental and the environmental determinants rather than by a single factor. Therefore, comprehensive interventions are needed that simultaneously improve healthy food availability at school, strengthen parental nutritional knowledge, and promote healthier lifestyle behaviours among adolescents.

Highlights

Tazkia Putri Kagami (Google Scholar)

Keywords
Adolescents
Nutritional status
Dietary quality
Indonesia
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